Faecal Sludge Treatment Plant
The Tiger Bio Filter FSTP is a extremely efficient,novel & unique treatment system which utilizes composting,earthworms & microorganisms for consuming faecal sludge & converting it into compost at fraction of conventional operating cost which itself requires less external power.
Need of Project
Faecal sludge management (FSM) is the collection, transport, and treatment of faecal sludge from pit latrines, septic tanks or other onsite sanitation systems. Faecal sludge is a mixture of human excreta, water and solid wastes (e.g. toilet paper or other anal cleansing materials, menstrual hygiene materials) that are disposed in pits, tanks or vaults of onsite sanitation systems.
Faecal sludge that is removed from septic tanks is called septage. FSM is necessary in densely populated areas where a proportion of population is not connected to a sewerage network, and the covering and rebuilding pit latrines is not possible.
Tiger Bio Filter Technology
The plant is based on “Tiger Bio Filter” Technology with capacity to treat 10 Kilo litres of Faecal Sludge per day (10KLD/Day). This technology is comprised of 4 processes- anaerobic digestion, Vermi filtration-I, Vermi Filtration-II and polishing. The Earthworm based vermifiltration rapidly treats waste matter, with no smell and need for desludging (a common phenomenon in traditional and informal faecal waste treatment).
Vermi filtration is reportedly a superior form of sanitation technology, compared to conventional methods such as septic tanks and pit latrines. Earthworms are known to promote digestion of organic waste, which results in the production of vermicompost. In vermifilters, this behaviour is combined with filtration to digest organic matter present in septage. The worms need only air, water and organic matter to form a sustainable population in the vermifilter.
Units of Faecal Sludge Treatment Plant
Screen Chamber and solid liquid separation tank
This tank is used to remove large size floating matters, plastic etc from faecal sludge. Also this allows gravity to act and separate the inert grit from faecal sludge.
Anaerobic Digester
Anaerobic digestion is a collection of processes by which micro-organisms breakdown the biodegradable material in the absence of oxygen. These tanks are used to reduce organic load from Faecal Sludge. This tank contains specially formulated bacterial culture which consumes organics from faecal sludge. This is a three stage process.
Tiger Bio Filter - I (Sludge water separation and treatment tank)
The thickened sludge is then spread on beds comprising earth worms, bacterial culture that provides a favourable habitat and respiration zone for earthworm growth and reproduction. This tank is used to separate residual solids and liquid stream coming from anaerobic digesters. The offensive odours are completely removed in this stage. The trapped solids are consumed by earthworms and converted to Vermicompost thus reducing the organic load. The liquid stream leaves the tank from bottom and stored into the tank.
Tiger Bio Filter - II (Wastewater Treatment)
This tank is used to remove large size floating matters, plastic etc from faecal sludge. Also this allows gravity to act and separate the inert grit from faecal sludge.
Tertiary Treatment (Pressure Sand Filter Activated Carbon Filter and Disinfection)
This is a polishing unit, provided to remove any colour or odour remaining from secondary treatment. The disinfection by Chlorination is provided to make treated effluent safe for human handling and disposal.
